A cute fact about triangles with integer co-ordinates:
Lemma: Suppose A,B,C are points in the 2D plane each with integer co-ordinates, such that no point with integer co-ordinates lies inside, or on the sides (except A,B,C) of triangle ABC. Then, the area of triangle ABC is exactly 12
[A point with integer co-ordinates is a point whose x and y co-ordinates are both integers].
For example, A=(0,0), B=(1,1), C=(2,1). The "base" BC and height AD (where D=(0,1)) are both of length 1 and so the area of △ABC is exactly 12
Can you prove the Lemma?
[Note, using a stronger theorem about lattice points and areas would be circular (unless you prove the stronger theorem without using this Lemma).]
[A neat proof of this appears in Proofs from the Book: Solution]
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